Are ankle dislocations being diagnosed and reduced in a timely manner?

D. O'Dowd, P. Brewer, M. Davies, K. leese, C. Chadwick, D. Howard, C. Blundell

Introduction: Standard teaching of dislocated ankles was always reduce then x-ray. However the 2016 BOAST guidelines stated “Reduction and splinting should be performed urgently for clinically deformed ankles. Radiographs should be obtained before reduction unless this will cause an unacceptable delay”. We aimed to audit our practice against the BOAST guidelines and look at time from attendance to reduction.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all case notes of patients admitted via A&E at the Northern General Hospital with a fractured ankle between August 2016 and January 2017. Time of arrival, time to x-ray and time to reduction were recorded in a database for analysis.

Results: 65 patients with acute ankle fractured dislocations were identified from 140 acute fractured ankle referrals to the orthopaedic on-call team. 55 of these had a pre-reduction x-ray. Time from arrival to a radiograph of a reduced ankle in cast was 3hrs 59 minutes for those who had a pre-reduction radiograph compared with 1hr 3 minutes for those who didn't have a pre-reduction radiograph. 12.5% of those with no pre-reduction radiograph required re-manipulation compared with 31% of those who did have a pre-reduction radiograph.

Conclusion: Having a pre-reduction x-ray significantly increases the time until there is radiological evidence of a reduced ankle. There was an associated higher risk of requiring a further manipulation in those who had a pre-reduction radiograph. A larger review is currently being undertaken to better understand the possible reasons for this.